The Contribution of the Udzungwa Mountain National Park to the Livelihoods of Communities in the Morogoro Region of Tanzania

Abstract

The effect of Udzungwa Mountain National Park (UMNP) on the livelihoods of communities is important. National Park is crucial in supporting the livelihoods of communities socially, economically and environmentally. This article analyzes the contribution and importance of the management of UMNP on the livelihoods of communities in Kilombero District in Morogoro Region. This paper adopted mixed research approach where data were collected using questionnaires, interviews and observations. Data were collected in the villages’ proximity to UMNP; Msosa, Msolwa, Mkula and Ruipa villages. A total of 233 heads of households were interviewed. The results showed that, heads of households were motivated to manage the park because of the benefits accrued from it. People managed the park because they get firewood, poles, water and others benefits. This paper adopted Sustainable Livelihoods Framework (SLF). SLF is a useful tool for analyzing the contribution of UMNP to livelihood of the communities residing close to it. The livelihood supports offered by UMNP among others include income, improved food (forest vegetables), fruits and improved well-being. Challenges encountered in the management of UMNP among others include climate change, deforestation, cutting trees for building houses, wildfire, illegal collection of herbs for medicines, poaching and illegal hunting. The study concludes that, fringe communities must be motivated to manage the park because of the continuing benefits accrued from it. The study recommends that communities should be encouraged to take measures to protect, conserve and participate in the management of UMNP.